放宽纵向静稳定度飞机的平尾面积收益分析方法

 从飞机配平角度出发,讨论了飞机的平尾面积和重心后移量对飞机纵向气动导数的单一和综合影响,推导出了平尾面积与重心后移量之间的数学关系,提出了一种新的分析和计算相结合的方法来快速分析放宽纵向静稳定度飞机的平尾面积收益,并应用该方法分析了放宽伊尔-76飞机纵向静稳定度的平尾面积-收益。     

航空发动机高速锥齿轮瞬态动力学分析与试验研究

针对航空发动机中央传动锥齿轮由行波共振引起的掉块故障,采用瞬态接触动力学分析方法与试验验证相结合的手段,对行波共振发生时从动锥齿轮的共振特性和应力分布开展研究。基于声测法开展了航空发动机中央传动锥齿轮行波共振试验,研究中央传动锥齿轮行波共振特性,获取了从动锥齿轮行波共振动频、危险转速以及破坏断裂特征。仿真计算结果与试验结果对比分析表明:试验中出现三节径共振皆是前行波共振,四节径共振是后行波共振;三节径共振危险转速范围为74.2%～76.2%,四节径共振危险转速范围为102.8%～104.2%。数值仿真与试验测试中结构静频值具有一致性,三节径误差小于2%,四节径误差小于5%,验证了仿真计算模型的准确性。仿真计算四节径行波共振时从动锥齿轮齿根处和辐板应力集中,应力分布形式与齿轮故障复现试验断裂形式基本一致,辐板正面应力值大小与试验结果基本吻合,误差在0.5%～9.5%,满足工程级应力预测要求,验证了瞬态接触动力学分析方法对齿轮行波共振应力预测的有效性。试验表明该齿轮结构是否存在初始缺陷是发生齿轮断裂故障的重要因素之一。     

Dual Drive Curve Tool Path Planning Method for 5-axis NC Machining of Sculptured Surfaces

The problem of finished surface being not first-order continuous commonly exists in machining sculptured surfaces with a torus cutter and some other types of cutters. To solve this problem, a dual drive curve tool path planning method is proposed in this article. First, the maximum machining strip width of a whole tool path can be obtained through optimizing each tool position with multi-point machining (MPM) method. Second, two drive curves are then determined according to the obtained maximum machining strip width. Finally, the tool is positioned once more along the dual drive curve under the condition of tool path smoothness. A computer simulation and cutting experiments are carried out to testify the performance of the new method. The machined surface is measured with a coordinate measuring machine (CMM) to examine the machining quality. The results obtained show that this method can effectively eliminate sharp scallops between adjacent tool paths, keep tool paths smooth, and improve the surface machining quality as well as machining efficiency.     

失速改出伞阻力特征面积估算方法

研究了高平尾布局飞机的气动特性。使用失速改出伞是飞机改出深失速的重要途径,但如何确定失速改出伞的关键参数(阻力面积等)却没有现成的方法。以ARJ21-700飞机为例,分别使用公式分析法、类比法综合估算出失速改出伞的关键参数,通过模型自由飞和模拟仿真分析验证其具有足够效能将飞机改出深失速状态。形成了一套新机失速改出伞的设计方法和关键数据图表,可供其他型号飞机失速改出伞的设计研制使用。     

Design of aircraft structures against threat of bird strikes

In this paper, a method to design bird-strike-resistant aircraft structures is presented and illustrated through examples. The focus is on bird strike experiments and simulations. The explicit finite element software PAM-CRASH is employed to conduct bird strike simulations, and a coupled Smooth Particles Hydrodynamic (SPH) and Finite Element (FE) method is used to simulate the interaction between a bird and a target structure. The SPH method is explained, and an SPH bird model is established. Constitutive models for various structural materials, such as aluminum alloys, composite materials, honeycomb, and foam materials that are used in aircraft structures, are presented, and model parameters are identified by conducting various material tests. Good agreements between simulation results and experimental data suggest that the numerical model is capable of predicting the dynamic responses of various aircraft structures under a bird strike, and numerical simulation can be used as a tool to design bird-strike-resistant aircraft structures.     

尾吊布局民机短舱防火区热影响计算分析

本文给出了尾吊布局的民机发动机短舱与机身组合体的三维空气流动与传热的物理和数学模型．根据发动机短舱和机身的组合模型特点,应用非结构化网格和柱状附面层网格对计算区域进行划分,采用k-ε湍流模型和相应的对流换热、辐射换热模型模拟了短舱风扇罩表面着火后对附近机身的热影响．分析认为采用CFD分析可在防火区选型设计阶段起到辅助作...     

直升机旋翼桨毂轴颈疲劳裂纹探讨

本文就国内外铰接式金属旋翼桨(?)轴颈因疲劳裂纹、断裂导致的严重飞行事故,操讨轴颈疲劳裂纹的成因及扩展速率,应采取的相应对策。对于新机的研制和生产有借鉴意义,对于直升机的使用、维护,保证飞行安全,有重要的现实意义和长远的军事意义。     

减速器传动齿轮轴的有限元分析

应用弹性力学有限元法,对某二级减速器传动齿轮轴进行强度分析,得到齿轮轴上的应力、应变分布及变形,为齿轮轴的结构设计提供了分析依据。     

基于 MSC.NASTRAN的结构参数优化设计

结构减重对飞机设计有重要意义,通过结构参数优化设计可以使材料的分布更加合理。基于MSC.NASTRAN,使用铝合金和碳纤维复合材料分别对某型飞机垂尾进行结构参数优化设计。优化结果表明:通过结构参数优化设计的垂尾材料分布更合理,材料利用率更高,相比于铝合金材料,碳纤维复合材料结构减重效果更好,体现出了复合材料的优越性。     

基于扭矩测量的旋翼需用功率确定方法研究

针对理论计算确定旋翼需用功率存在缺陷和不足,提出了一种基于旋翼轴扭矩测量的直升机旋翼需用功率的确定方法,建立了旋翼需用功率数学模型。给出了基于电阻应变计测量旋翼轴扭矩测量方法及在旋转环境下,对旋翼轴扭矩和直升机平台相关参数同步测量的测试系统,并给出了旋翼需用功率实测结果,计算了不同速度下的旋翼需用功率利用系数,结果表明,旋翼需用功率随前飞速度增大先减小后增大,旋翼功率利用系数随前飞速度是变化的不是常值,与理论分析吻合。